In recent decades, the relationship between humans and dogs has undergone significant changes. Recent research suggests that we are immersed in a “third wave” of canine domestication, driven by the desire for more friendly and calm pets, adapted to urban and sedentary lifestyles.

Evolution of Canine Domestication

The domestication of dogs has gone through several stages:

1. First Wave: Between 40,000 and 14,000 years ago, wolves began approaching human settlements, attracted by food remnants. The more docile individuals were accepted, initiating a symbiotic relationship.
2. Second Wave: After the Industrial Revolution, dogs became status symbols. Selective breeding focused on specific physical and behavioral traits, giving rise to many of today’s breeds.
3. Third Wave: Currently, the preference for pets that easily integrate into urban life has led to selection based on calmer and more sociable temperaments.

The Influence of Oxytocin

Oxytocin, known as the “love hormone,” plays a crucial role in the bond between humans and dogs. Studies have shown that interaction with our pets increases levels of this hormone in both, strengthening the emotional connection. However, overprotection can limit dogs’ ability to develop natural and healthy behaviors.

Risks of Overprotection

While it’s natural to want to protect our pets, overprotection can have negative consequences:

• Anxiety and Fears: Lack of exposure to various stimuli can generate insecurities.
• Behavioral Problems: Absence of clear boundaries can lead to undesirable behaviors.
• Physical Health: Lack of exercise and stimulation can affect their overall well-being.

Recommendations for Healthy Coexistence

To foster a balanced relationship with our dogs:

• Early Socialization: Expose them to different environments, people, and animals from a young age.
• Positive Training: Use positive reinforcement to teach desired behaviors.
• Exercise and Mental Stimulation: Provide physical activities and games that challenge their minds.
• Respect Their Nature: Allow them to express instinctive behaviors in a controlled manner.

The “third wave” of domestication invites us to reflect on how our expectations and lifestyles affect our canine companions. By balancing protection with freedom and appropriate education, we can ensure harmonious and healthy coexistence.

For more on this topic, you can consult the HuffPost article.