The history of Jews in Spain is a continually evolving field of study, with ongoing research challenging traditional narratives and offering more nuanced perspectives on their cultural and social legacy.

Jewish Presence in the Iberian Peninsula

The Jewish presence in the Iberian Peninsula dates back to ancient times, with evidence suggesting established communities since the Roman era. Trilingual inscriptions (Hebrew, Latin, and Greek) found in Tarragona and Tortosa indicate a significant Jewish presence between the 2nd century BCE and the 6th century CE.

Middle Ages: Coexistence and Conflict

During the Middle Ages, especially under Visigothic rule, Jews in Spain experienced periods of relative tolerance and persecution. Initially, they enjoyed the status of “religio licita” (permitted religion), but over time faced restrictions, such as prohibitions on intermarriage and the construction of new synagogues. Wikiwand

1492 Expulsion and Sephardic Diaspora

A pivotal event in Spanish Jewish history was the 1492 Edict of Expulsion, which forced Jews to convert to Christianity or leave the country. This led to the Sephardic diaspora, with Spanish Jewish communities establishing themselves in various parts of the world, preserving their language and traditions.

Recent Research and New Perspectives

Contemporary research has provided more nuanced analyses of Jewish history in Spain. For instance, recent genetic studies suggest that Christopher Columbus may have had Sephardic Jewish origins, sparking academic debates about his identity. New York Post

Additionally, publications like “Breve historia de los judíos en España” by Paloma Díaz-Mas offer an updated and accessible view of the Jewish presence in the peninsula, highlighting their cultural and social influence over the centuries. Andalucia

Cultural Legacy and Current Recognition

Today, the Jewish legacy in Spain is recognized and valued. Historic neighborhoods like the Judería of Córdoba testify to the rich Sephardic heritage, attracting visitors interested in learning more about this integral part of Spanish history. El País English

In summary, the history of Jews in Spain is a complex and multifaceted narrative that continues to be the subject of study and reflection, enriching our understanding of the past and its influence on contemporary society.