How Drone Swarms Work—From Iran’s Shahed Attack to Ukraine’s Operation Spiderweb Iranian Shahed drones, Ukrainian quadcopters and the U.S.’s Golden Horde program reveal three paths to massed autonomy, and each rewrites the rules of air defense By Deni Ellis Béchard edited by Dean Visser Illustration of Shahed-136 drones. Six hours after Israel’s air strikes in…